U.S. Panel Calls for Sanctions Against India’s External Intelligence Agency

In a move that could further strain diplomatic ties, the U.S. Commission on International Religious Freedom (USCIRF) has urged targeted sanctions against India’s Research and Analysis Wing (RAW)—the country’s external intelligence agency. The recommendation, made in the commission’s latest report, accuses RAW of involvement in assassination plots against Sikh separatists on foreign soil.

The report also criticizes the Indian government for its handling of religious freedom issues, highlighting concerns over discrimination against minorities, increasing surveillance, and political rhetoric targeting certain religious groups.

Allegations Against RAW: A Diplomatic Flashpoint

The USCIRF alleges that RAW has been involved in international covert operations, including:

Assassination attempts on Sikh separatist leaders, particularly those advocating for the Khalistan movement.
Targeting political dissidents abroad through surveillance and intimidation.
Influencing global narratives through intelligence operations.

The report specifically references alleged assassination plots in the U.S. and Canada, cases that have already caused friction between India and Western nations.

India’s Response: Strong Denial and Diplomatic Pushback

The Indian government has strongly rejected the allegations, calling them "baseless and politically motivated." Officials argue that:

RAW operates strictly within the framework of national security and international law.
India has never engaged in state-sponsored killings abroad.
The report ignores the threat posed by extremist groups operating outside India.

New Delhi has historically dismissed USCIRF reports, citing bias and a lack of credibility, and is expected to do the same in this case.

U.S.-India Relations: A Growing Challenge?

The report’s recommendations come at a sensitive time in U.S.-India relations. While both countries have strengthened economic and defense ties, issues related to human rights and religious freedoms continue to cause friction.

India is a key U.S. partner in the Indo-Pacific strategy, countering China's influence in the region.
Washington has repeatedly raised concerns over minority rights and press freedoms in India, though official actions have been limited.
Previous USCIRF recommendations to label India as a "Country of Particular Concern" have not been acted upon by the U.S. State Department.

Will the U.S. Impose Sanctions?

While USCIRF’s recommendations are influential, they are not binding. The U.S. government has yet to take concrete action, and any move to impose sanctions on RAW or its officials would likely face resistance from other branches of the administration, given India's strategic importance.

However, this latest report could fuel congressional debates and increase pressure on the Biden administration to take a tougher stance on India's internal policies.

What’s Next?

With India’s general elections approaching and global scrutiny on intelligence activities increasing, this development could impact diplomatic discussions in the coming months. How Washington chooses to respond will shape the future trajectory of U.S.-India relations.